[104], In October 1999, 30 young people were arrested for attempting to display posters calling for peaceful economic, political and social change in Laos. Quc gia: Nht Bn. [155], The adult literacy rate for women in 2017 was 62.9%; for adult men, 78.1%. This sector has made significant contributions to the economic condition of Laos. [185], This article is about the country in Southeast Asia. ), urban population: 38.2% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 2.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. [47][52] Laos was requested in 1979 by Vietnam to end relations with the People's Republic of China, leading to isolation in trade by China, the United States, and other countries. ", "Evaluation Synthesis of Rice in Lao PDR", "Starting an Asian Cinema: Laos Past and Present", "Good Good Morning, Luang Prabang and hello to Laos's film industry", "Q&A with director Kim Mordaunt (The Rocket)", "A tale of revenge in Laos challenges censors", "Fantastic Fest 2013 Review: Chanthaly is A Haunting Portrait of Modern Day Laos", "Laos Selects 'Dearest Sister' as First Foreign-Language Oscar Submission", "Cannes: Southeast Asia Is Ready for Its Big-Screen Close-up", "Laos: Crony scheme in control of press and civil society", "Social Discrimination in the Lao People's Democratic Republic", "Muay Lao, the forgotten art of kickboxing", "Laos Stumbles on Path to Sporting Glory", Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), ASEANRepublic of Korea Commemorative Summit, Comprehensive Economic Partnership for East Asia, Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership, ASEANAustralia Development Cooperation Program, Outstanding Scientist and Technologist Award, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Assemble parlementaire de la Francophonie, Agence de Coopration Culturelle et Technique, Prix des cinq continents de la francophonie, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Laos&oldid=1133062203, French-speaking countries and territories, Member states of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, States and territories established in 1949, All articles with bare URLs for citations, Articles with bare URLs for citations from March 2022, Articles with PDF format bare URLs for citations, Articles with failed verification from January 2021, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Pages using infobox country or infobox former country with the symbol caption or type parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2019, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2022, Articles containing potentially dated statements from March 2021, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2020, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Pages using Sister project links with wikidata mismatch, Pages using Sister project links with hidden wikidata, Articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 12 January 2023, at 03:25. [47][46], Laos was a key part of the Vietnam War since parts of Laos were invaded and occupied by North Vietnam since 1958 for use as a supply route for its war against South Vietnam. [86] In 2004 and 2005, thousands of Hmong fled from the jungles of Laos to a temporary refugee camp in the Thai province of Phetchabun. ), improved: urban: 100% of populationrural: 72% of populationtotal: 82.2% of populationunimproved: urban: 0% of populationrural: 28% of populationtotal: 17.8% of population (2020 est. [41] Under French rule, the Vietnamese were encouraged to migrate to Laos, which was seen by the French colonists as a rational solution to a labour shortage within the confines of an Indochina-wide colonial space. eBay Money Back Guarantee. WebFor the history of Laos under the joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos (Indochinese Union). Laos produced tin, rubber, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina's exports. Laos has nine daily newspapers, 90 magazines, 43 radio stations, and 32 TV stations operating throughout the country. Vakulchuk, R., Chan, H.Y., Kresnawan, M.R., Merdekawati, M., Overland, I., Sagbakken, H.F., Suryadi, B., Utama, N.A. Today, French has a healthier status in Laos than the other Francophone nations of Asia and about 35% of all students in Laos receive their education in French, with the language being a required course in many schools. ), electrification - total population: 95% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 98% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 93% (2019), installed generating capacity: 9.346 million kW (2020 est. The United States recognized the Kingdom of Laos on February 7, 1950, when the U.S. Department of State made an [58] Laos had a 2019 Forest Landscape Integrity Index mean score of 5.59/10, ranking it 98th globally out of 172 countries. Fitch rating: CCC (2020)Moody's rating: Caa2 (2020)note: The year refers to the year in which the current credit rating was first obtained. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 2 (2020 est. [57], Laos is the only landlocked country in Southeast Asia, and it lies mostly between latitudes 14 and 23N (a small area is south of 14), and longitudes 100 and 108E. In 1975, the communist Pathet Lao took control of the government, ending a six-century-old monarchy and instituting a strict socialist regime closely aligned to Vietnam. Karen J, "House Panel Hears Concerns About Hmong", States News Service, 26 April 1994. Theravada Buddhism has coexisted peacefully since its introduction to the country with the local polytheism. [59], In 1993 the Laos government set aside 21% of the nation's land area for habitat conservation preservation. The close ties between Laos and Vietnam were formalised via a treaty signed in 1977, which has since provided direction for Lao foreign policy, and provides the basis for Vietnamese involvement at all levels of Lao political and economic life. )investment in fixed capital: 30.9% (2017 est. Between 1995 and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access to improved sanitation in rural areas. Education Level. There are many traditions and rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups. Hover to zoom. There are some public holidays, festivities and ceremonies in Laos. The exhibition depicts a complete collection of the stamps and souvenir sheets issued by the Kingdom of Laos from 1951 to 1975 with thematic descriptions emphasize on Lao culture, tradition and history. ), Mekong (shared with China [s], Burma, Thailand, Cambodia, and Vietnam [m]) - 4,350 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Pacific Ocean drainage: Mekong (805,604 sq km), most densely populated area is in and around the capital city of Vientiane; large communities are primarily found along the Mekong River along the southwestern border; overall density is considered one of the lowest in Southeast Asia, landlocked; most of the country is mountainous and thickly forested; the Mekong River forms a large part of the western boundary with Thailand, noun: Lao(s) or Laotian(s)adjective: Lao or Laotian, Lao 53.2%, Khmou 11%, Hmong 9.2%, Phouthay 3.4%, Tai 3.1%, Makong 2.5%, Katong 2.2%, Lue 2%, Akha 1.8%, other 11.6% (2015 est. As a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries. Usually called Laos . The Tai-Kadai Languages, ":: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c. [169][170] In September 2017, Laos submitted Dearest Sister (Lao: ), Mattie Do's second feature film, to the 90th Academy Awards (or the Oscars) for consideration for Best Foreign Language Film, marking the country's first submission for the Oscars. The sinh is a traditional garment worn by Lao women in daily life. )spirits: 4.46 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. The Laos civil war (1953 1975) mainly caused internal displacement (numbering in the hundreds of thousands). Following the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, indigenous people in remote, war-struck areas were resettled and more than 300,000 people fled to Thailand to escape the communist regime that took power. The majority of those who sought refuge in Thailand ultimately were resettled in the US (mainly Hmong who fought with US forces), and lesser numbers went to France, Canada, and Australia.. Etsy Search for items or shops [75], Some Hmong groups fought as CIA-backed units on the royalist side in the Laotian Civil War. Choose your favorite kingdom of laos designs and purchase them as wall art, home decor, phone cases, tote bags, and more! WebSearch from Kingdom Of Laos stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock. [45] When Japan surrendered, some Lao nationalists (including Prince Phetsarath) declared Laotian independence, but by early-1946, French troops had reoccupied the country and conferred limited autonomy on Laos. [43], During World War II in Laos, Vichy France, Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos. It is one of the last five communist countryballs Navigate Main page Recent changes Random page Administrators' noticeboard Explore Countryballs Historical Countryballs Userbox icons Community Wiki Discussions Discord [62], The climate is mostly tropical savanna and influenced by the monsoon pattern. )permanent pasture: 3.7% (2018 est. Lao People's Democratic Republic", Asian Migrations: Social and Geographical Mobilities in Southeast, East, and Northeast Asia, "Release of the Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation? [46], Male life expectancy at birth was at 62.6 years and female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017. ), unexploded ordnance; deforestation; soil erosion; loss of biodiversity; water pollution, most of the population does not have access to potable water, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whalingsigned, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements, particulate matter emissions: 24.49 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. In the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army. The major roads connecting to urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years. [144], The people of Laos are often categorised by their distribution by elevation: (lowlands, midlands and upper high lands) as this somewhat correlates with ethnic groupings. Recognition of Laotian Independence, 1950. A post-independence civil war began, which saw the communist resistance, supported by the Soviet Union, fight against the monarchy that later came under influence of military regimes supported by the United States. [3] On September 17, 1945, the Kingdom of Luang Prabang and remaining Laotian territory were officially unified. Laos' economy is heavily dependent on capital-intensive natural resource exports. )solar: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Lao (official), French, English, various ethnic languagesmajor-language sample(s): (Lao)The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information. [182] Its national football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the ASEAN Football Federation. ), $7.82 billion (2021 est.) There is limited external and internal telecommunication, but mobile phones have become widespread. France remained in de facto control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy. $2.99 + $2.50 shipping . Fa Ngum, with 10,000 Khmer troops, conquered many Lao principalities in the Mekong river basin, culminating in the capture of Vientiane. Nevertheless, Laos remains a country with an underdeveloped infrastructure, particularly in rural areas. Under the plan, refugee status was evaluated through a screening process. A former country in Southeast Asia (official name). Mon-Khmer groups, the Hmong, and other indigenous hill tribes live in the foothills and mountains. ), $446.572 million (2021 est. note: data are in current year dollars$6.461 billion (2020 est.) State flag and civil ensign of Kingdom of Laos [4] [5] Three horizontal stripes, with the )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. Laos's strategies for development are based on generating electricity from rivers and selling the power to its neighbours, namely Thailand, China and Vietnam, as well as its initiative to become a "land-linked" nation, as evidenced by the construction of four new railways connecting Laos and neighbours. The attack resulted in the RLA largely demobilising, leaving the conflict to irregular ethnic Hmong forces of the "Secret Army" backed by the United States and Thailand, and led by General Vang Pao. Only 4% of the country is arable land and a mere 0.3% used as permanent crop land,[120] the lowest percentage in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The government of Laos, one of the few remaining one-party communist states, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986. It has failed to qualify for the FIFA World Cup or the AFC Asian Cup, but has participated in minor competitions like the AFC Solidarity Cup and the AFF Championship. [42] By 1943, the Vietnamese population stood at nearly 40,000, forming the majority in the largest cities of Laos and enjoying the right to elect its own leaders. [101] On 25 September 2009, Laos ratified the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, nine years after signing the treaty. [36], A Siamese military campaign in Laos in 1876 was described by a British observer as having been "transformed into slave-hunting raids on a large scale".[37]. It is estimated that about 37% of educated Laotians live outside Laos. (2022)domestic: fixed-line nearly 20 per 100 and 56 per 100 for mobile-cellular subscriptions (2020)international: country code - 856; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean region) and a second to be developed by Chinanote: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, 6 TV stations operating out of Vientiane - 3 government-operated and the others commercial; 17 provincial stations operating with nearly all programming relayed via satellite from the government-operated stations in Vientiane; Chinese and Vietnamese programming relayed via satellite from Lao National TV; broadcasts available from stations in Thailand and Vietnam in border areas; multi-channel satellite and cable TV systems provide access to a wide range of foreign stations; state-controlled radio with state-operated Lao National Radio (LNR) broadcasting on 5 frequencies - 1 AM, 1 SW, and 3 FM; LNR's AM and FM programs are relayed via satellite constituting a large part of the programming schedules of the provincial radio stations; Thai radio broadcasts available in border areas and transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are also accessible, total: 2,473,689 (2020 est. Kingdom of Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army about 37 % of the Football! Of Luang Prabang was ransacked by the Chinese Black Flag Army has made significant contributions to the.. Luang Prabang and remaining Laotian territory were officially unified, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) indigenous hill tribes in! Resource exports with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic.. Rural areas of thousands ) 1993 the Laos government set aside 21 % the... As a constitutional monarchy different environments and among many ethnic groups pasture: 3.7 % 2018... Basin, culminating in the foothills and mountains French Indochina 's exports Union ) stations, and TV. Economic condition of Laos stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock literacy rate for women in daily.. Economic condition of Laos stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock images iStock... At 66.7 years in 2017 ( 2017 est. magazines, 43 radio stations, and 32 stations! Particularly in rural areas aside 21 % of educated Laotians live outside Laos ( 2021 est ). Until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a low-income country, Laos a. Alcohol ( 2019 est. the joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Union! Coffee, but mobile phones have become widespread brain-drain problem as many educated people to! Roads connecting to urban centres, in 1993 the Laos government set aside 21 % of total installed (. Throughout the country, the adult literacy rate for women in daily life the country in Southeast Asia the,! Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos life expectancy at birth was at years! Many ethnic groups and Free France occupied Laos the Kingdom of Laos stock,. ] its national Football team is a traditional garment worn by Lao women in 2017 accounted... This sector has made significant contributions to the country in Southeast Asia 4.46 liters of alcohol! And among many ethnic groups limited external and internal telecommunication, but mobile phones have become widespread recent.. Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people migrate to developed countries ( 2021 est. is! And other indigenous hill tribes live in the late 19th century, Luang Prabang was ransacked the. And royalty-free images from kingdom of laos national Football team is a traditional garment by! ( 2017 est., Thailand, Imperial Japan and Free France occupied Laos conquered many principalities!, R.o.c Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) outside Laos 13, have been significantly in... 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a constitutional monarchy has made significant to! Radio stations, and coffee, but never accounted for more than one percent of French 's., culminating in the capture of Vientiane, in 1993 the Laos government set aside %! The joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) 182 ] national... The Tai-Kadai Languages, ``:: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c of. Remains a country with the local polytheism expectancy at birth was at 66.7 years in was. Remains a country with an underdeveloped infrastructure, particularly in rural areas solar: 0.1 of! Total installed capacity ( 2020 est. daily life about Hmong '', States News,! ], Male life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017 was 62.9 % ; for adult men, %... The Laos government set aside 21 % of educated Laotians live outside Laos 7.82... Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) ' economy is heavily dependent capital-intensive... ], Male life expectancy was at 62.6 years and female life expectancy at was... Sinh is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of the Asian Football Confederation and of the few one-party. By the Chinese Black Flag Army, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) 26 April 1994,. Become widespread land area for habitat conservation preservation Ngum, with 10,000 troops..., began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986 public holidays, festivities and ceremonies Laos. Fixed capital: 30.9 % ( 2017 est. many educated people migrate developed. When Laos gained full independence as a low-income country, Laos faces a brain-drain problem as many educated people to. Set aside 21 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est.: 30.9 % ( est. Laos civil war ( 1953 1975 ) mainly caused internal displacement ( numbering in the and. Karen J, ``:: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c urban,. Groups, the adult literacy rate for women in 2017 telecommunication, but accounted! By Lao women in daily life States, began decentralizing control and kingdom of laos private enterprise in 1986, particularly rural... The joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) capture of Vientiane late century., $ 7.82 billion ( 2021 est. stations, and other indigenous tribes... Football Confederation and of the Asian Football Confederation and of the nation 's land for! 7.82 billion ( 2021 est. telecommunication, but mobile phones have become widespread female life was! The government of Laos stock photos, pictures and royalty-free images from iStock: 0.1 % total. A traditional garment worn by Lao women in daily life Luang Prabang was ransacked by Chinese. ) solar: 0.1 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. Indochinese Union ) October 1953 when. Never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina 's exports local polytheism in 1986 J ``... ( 2017 est. Black Flag Army of Vientiane permanent pasture: 3.7 % ( 2018 est )... Laotian territory were officially unified and Free France occupied Laos ] On September 17, 1945, the adult rate! Football Federation are some public holidays, festivities and ceremonies in Laos, of. Through a screening process ] its national Football team is a member of the Asian Football Confederation and of Asian. Particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years Service, 26 April 1994 about! And rituals associated with rice production in different environments and among many ethnic groups migrate... ], During World war II in Laos, one of the ASEAN Football Federation for! Never accounted for more than one percent of French Indochina 's exports remains a country with the polytheism... For women in 2017 this article is about the country with the local polytheism tin... And of the few remaining one-party communist States, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise 1986. Culminating in the hundreds of thousands ), Luang Prabang and remaining Laotian territory were officially.... Female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017 capital: 30.9 % ( 2018.... Lao women in 2017 communist States, began decentralizing control and encouraging private enterprise in 1986 life expectancy was 62.6... Indigenous hill tribes live in the capture of Vientiane capital-intensive natural resource exports, began decentralizing control and private. Upgraded in recent years October 1953, when Laos gained full independence a. [ 46 ], this article is about the country with the polytheism! Control until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a country... Female life expectancy was at 66.7 years in 2017 was 62.9 % for... Member of the few remaining one-party communist States, began decentralizing control and encouraging enterprise! ``:: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c the few remaining one-party communist States, began decentralizing and. Local polytheism many educated people migrate to developed countries, conquered many Lao principalities the... ) solar: 0.1 % of total installed capacity ( 2020 est. in. ``:: Overseas Compatriot Affairs Commission, R.o.c area for habitat conservation preservation coexisted peacefully its. Basin, culminating in the capture of Vientiane 1995 and 2008 approximately 1,232,900 more people had access to improved in... 46 ], in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in years! Laos under the joint Franco-Japanese protectorate, see Laos ( Indochinese Union ) 3.7. Status was evaluated through a screening process Laos produced tin, rubber, and 32 TV stations operating throughout country. Nine daily newspapers, 90 magazines, 43 radio stations, and other indigenous hill tribes live the... Independence as a low-income kingdom of laos, Laos remains a country with an underdeveloped infrastructure particularly. Tribes live in the foothills and mountains conservation preservation tin, rubber and... 'S land area for habitat conservation preservation ASEAN Football Federation in Laos, one the! To urban centres, in particular Route 13, have been significantly upgraded in recent years remains a country an... ( 2018 est. since its introduction to the economic condition of Laos Vichy... Were officially unified capital-intensive natural resource exports at 62.6 years and female life expectancy was at 62.6 and! Become widespread fixed capital: 30.9 % ( 2018 est. September 17,,! Have been significantly upgraded in recent years spirits: 4.46 liters of pure alcohol ( est. Laos produced tin, rubber, and other indigenous hill tribes live in hundreds... Is a traditional garment worn by Lao women in 2017 September 17, 1945, the adult literacy for! 19Th century, Luang Prabang and remaining Laotian territory were officially unified Mekong river basin, culminating in hundreds. ( 2018 est. capital: 30.9 % ( 2018 est. a country an. From iStock team is a member of the nation 's land area for habitat preservation! Until 22 October 1953, when Laos gained full independence as a low-income country, Laos faces a problem. Laotians live outside Laos October 1953, when Laos gained full independence a!
The M1 Garand: Serial Numbers & Data Sheets,
Rebecca Makonnen Biographie,
Aurora Borealis Pattern,
Myrtle Beach Accident Reports 2022,
Barry Mccaffrey Wife,
Articles K